{"id":1831,"date":"2025-06-03T12:10:34","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T10:10:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/sobre-sst\/"},"modified":"2026-01-27T17:06:42","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T16:06:42","slug":"sobre-sst","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/sst\/sobre-sst\/","title":{"rendered":"Sobre SST"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Sobre la temperatura de la superf\u00edcie de la mar<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La temperatura superficial de la mar (SST) \u00e9s una de les variables clim\u00e0tiques essencials (VCE) definides pel Sistema Mundial d’Observaci\u00f3 del Clima (SMOC) per a monitorar i caracteritzar l’estat del sistema clim\u00e0tic global. La SST \u00e9s un indicador del flux de calor en la interf\u00edcie a\u00efre-mar i pot utilitzar-se per a identificar caracter\u00edstiques oce\u00e0niques com a fronts i zones de surgencia. Tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s una variable essencial per a la predicci\u00f3 oce\u00e0nica i meteorol\u00f2gica. <\/p>

A mesura que la SST augmenta, influ\u00efx en els patrons meteorol\u00f2gics i clim\u00e0tics des de l’escala local fins a la global. El monitoratge i l’an\u00e0lisi a llarg termini de la SST s\u00f3n essencials per a avaluar els impactes del canvi clim\u00e0tic i predir fen\u00f2mens meteorol\u00f2gics extrems, com a ciclons tropicals o precipitacions intenses a escala regional, com les inundacions sobtades al Mediterrani. La SST tamb\u00e9 s’utilitza per a pronosticar canvis en l’oce\u00e0 a major escala, com l’Oscil\u00b7laci\u00f3 del Sud del Xiquet. <\/p>

En l’oce\u00e0 global, la SST varia amb la latitud, amb valors m\u00e9s freds a les regions \u00e0rtica i ant\u00e0rtica i aig\u00fces m\u00e9s c\u00e0lides al voltant de l’equador. Este gradient de temperatura es pot veure f\u00e0cilment en els oceans, per\u00f2 no \u00e9s tan clar en una mar marginal com el Mediterrani. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Definici\u00f3 de SST<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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No existix una \u00fanica definici\u00f3 de SST, ja que la capa superior de l’oce\u00e0 presenta una estructura de temperatura variable relacionada amb la turbul\u00e8ncia oce\u00e0nica i els fluxos de calor, moment i humitat entre l’aire i la mar. Per tant, s’utilitzen diverses definicions de SST per als diferents valors de temperatura que poden mesurar-se a diferents profunditats en la capa superior de l’oce\u00e0. La figura mostra les diferents definicions proposades pel Grup de Temperatura Superficial de la Mar d’Alta Resoluci\u00f3 (GHRSST, https:\/\/www.ghrsst.org\/<\/a>). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Font de la imatge: https:\/\/www.ghrsst.org\/ghrsst-data-services\/for-sst-data-users\/products<\/a><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Les definicions que es mostren en la figura s\u00f3n:<\/p>

Temperatura de la interf\u00edcie (SSTint)<\/strong><\/p>

Correspon a la capa d’interf\u00edcie a\u00efre-mar. No obstant aix\u00f2, en la pr\u00e0ctica, no t\u00e9 utilitat pr\u00e0ctica, ja que la temperatura a este nivell no pot mesurar-se amb la tecnologia actual. <\/p>

Temperatura superficial de la mar superficial (SSTskin)<\/strong><\/p>

\u00c9s la temperatura mesurada per un radi\u00f2metre infraroig en el rang de longituds d’ona de 3,7 a 12 \u03bcm. Correspon a una capa de ~10 a 20 \u03bcm de profunditat. Els mesuraments de SSTskin estan subjectes a un ampli cicle di\u00fcrn potencial. <\/p>

Temperatura superficial de la mar subsuperficial (SSTsub-skin)<\/strong><\/p>

Correspon a aproximadament 1 mm de profunditat. A efectes pr\u00e0ctics, la SSTsub-skin pot aproximar-se al mesurament de la temperatura superficial mitjan\u00e7ant un radi\u00f2metre de microones que opera en el rang de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de 6 a 11 GHz. <\/p>

Temperatura de la mar en profunditat (SSTz o SSTdepth)<\/strong><\/p>

Tots els mesuraments de la temperatura de l’aigua sota la SSTsub-skin es denominen temperatures de profunditat (SSTdepth). Estes temperatures poden obtindre’s mitjan\u00e7ant una \u00e0mplia varietat de plataformes i sensors, com a boies a la deriva, flotadors de perfil vertical o cadenes de termistors profunds, a profunditats que oscil\u00b7len entre 10\u207b\u00b2 i 10\u207b\u00b3 m. Estes observacions de temperatura s\u00f3n distintes de les obtingudes mitjan\u00e7ant t\u00e8cniques de teledetecci\u00f3 (SSTskin i SSTsub-skin) i han de qualificar-se mitjan\u00e7ant una profunditat de mesurament en metres. <\/p>

Temperatura de fonamentaci\u00f3 (SSTfnd)<\/strong><\/p>

Per a la profunditat a la qual correspon SSTfnd, la variabilitat di\u00fcrna de la temperatura no influ\u00efx. La SSTfnd (temperatura de fonamentaci\u00f3) nom\u00e9s pot mesurar-se mitjan\u00e7ant term\u00f2metres de contacte in situ. <\/p>

Informaci\u00f3 addicional sobre la SST en EumeTrain (https:\/\/resources.eumetrain.org\/data\/6\/619\/index.htm<\/a>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sobre la temperatura de la superf\u00edcie de la mar La temperatura superficial de la mar (SST) \u00e9s una de les variables clim\u00e0tiques essencials (VCE) definides pel Sistema Mundial d’Observaci\u00f3 del Clima (SMOC) per a monitorar i caracteritzar l’estat del sistema clim\u00e0tic global. La SST \u00e9s un indicador del flux de calor en la interf\u00edcie a\u00efre-mar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1523,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1831","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1831"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4108,"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1831\/revisions\/4108"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medmos.eu\/va\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}